What is Community ?

Nature,different association
of organisms grow in association with cach other. Agroup of several (adjustment) species and (plants beneficial and/or interactions. animals) in living a natural together area with is known mutualas community. In a community, organisms share the same habitat growing in an communities. uniform area If non-living environment, By definition, (abiotic) A forest, a factors community a grassland, together must with a include desert, the living only or living a (biotic) IX)nd entities are entities naturalof theare
also considered, then we would be dealing with an ecosystem rather than a community.
The concept of community is by no means so recent, and it may be traced  back to the time of Theophrastus (370—250B.C.) who had recognised the existence of plani communities or associations of species in different  environmental areas. Many centuries later, Grisebach (1838) recognised the plant (1844), formation while studying as an important the molluscs unit of of Aegean vegetation. Sea, noticed Thereafter for the Edward first time Forbesthat
indifferent areas (i.e. at different depths), there might distinguished different types of assemblages ofspecies. It was indeed in the later part of the 19th century that authentic studies on communities began, when Carl Mobius (180) coined the term biocoenosis for the associations of organisms in an oyster- bed community. In 1902, Schroter and Kirchner introduced the term synecolog referring to plant species on the ocean bottom as an association or community.
Later developments in this particular field were the methods of studying such
Ž associations and their developmental trends (successions) in varying habitat  conditions, etc. Further studies in community led to the development of following five lines of traditional thoughts of classifications : (i) In U.S.A., Cowles (1899) and Clements (1905) emphasized the process of succession. (ii) In Britain, Tansley (1904), also emphasized the idea of succession in community classifications. (iii) In North Europe, at Uppsala (Sweden), Huit (1881) and Du Rietz (1930) emphasized phytosociological, whereas Raunkiaer (1934) physiognomic methods of community studies. (iv) In Southern Europe, ZurichMontpellier school, led by Braun-Blanquet (1932), who also developed phytosociological studies. (v) in addition to above, with a different view point, not veryclear, there developed also a Russian school of thought,
A community has its own structure, developmental history and behaviour. All these characteristics are in correlation with the environmental factor.9