Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI, pronounced / ɪksiː /, ik-see) is an in vitro fertilization procedure in Which a single sperm is injected into an egg Directly. Defective sperm function remains the single Most Important cause of human infertility., Although Certain severe forms of male infertility Have a genetic origin, others May be the result of environmental factors. During the past decade, ICSI has-been increasingly applied around the world to alleviate problems of severe male infertility in human patients WHO Either Could not be assisted by conventional IVF or Procedures Could not be accepted for IVF Because too few sperm motile and morphologically regular Were present in the ejaculate of the male partner.
This procedure is MOST Commonly used to Overcome male infertility problems, Also, Although it May be used Easily Where eggs can not be penetrated by sperm, and occasionally in Addition to sperm donation.
It can be used in teratozoospermia, eleven Because the egg is fertilized, abnormal sperm morphology does not Appear to influence blastocyst or blastocyst morphology development. Even With severe teratozoospermia, microscopy can still detect the few sperm cells That Have a "normal" morphology, Allowing for optimal success rate.
History
The first child born from a gamete Micromanipulation a child was born in Singapore in April of 1989. The technique was developed by Gianpiero Palermo at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, in the Center for Reproductive Medicine headed by Paul Devroey and Andre Van Steirteghem. The first activated by ICSI embryo was produced in 1990, but the first successful birth by ICSI Took place on January 14, 1992.
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